Milicent Cranor is a senior editor at WhoWhatWhy. Not only were such bullets never recovered, he writes, but the movements of Kennedys head are only consistent with a shot from the back. The Zapruder film is a silent 8mm color motion picture sequence shot by Abraham Zapruder with a Bell & Howell home-movie camera, as United States President John F. Kennedy's motorcade passed through Dealey Plaza in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963. The Zapruder Film. Zapruder wasn't only a 33 Degree and a Jew. Reymond's depiction of what he saw in the "other" Zapruder film is verified by Dellarosa, who described it in more detail: But the reports of these two witnesses are not the only reports that the limousine stopped. Were they all suffering from the same mass hallucination ? Reymond also claimed that he had seen the version through a friend of his who was a member of a right wing group in France called ETEC. She also focuses on the Warren Commission testimony of Clint Hill, the Secret Service agent who jumped onto the back of the Presidents limousine. Witnesses can make errors, earnest errors. ", Zapruder insisted that frame 313 be excluded from publication. It looks to be almost a foot. Her book, The Heroine's Bookshelf (Harper), won the Colorado Book Award for nonfiction. JFK: The Last Dissenting Witness, Bill Sloan, Jean Hill - eBay The first Bang can cause the little muscles supporting the eardrum to contract defensively, making one temporarily deaf to a second Bang. The first shot of the second two seemed as if it missed because the hair on the right side of his head flew forward and there didnt seem to be any impact against his head. Nallis model took things like the mass and speed of the bullet and measurements into account. I recall one researcher saying that the Elsie Dorman was the worst photographer ever. or as Doug Horne thinks, 'the blob on the side of JFK's head was painted in to fit actions at Bethesda. [His secretary] Lillian remembered that "Everybody was going nuts, turning on the television. Zapruder, armed with his Super Eight camera, filmed what would be the only movie footage of the assassination. The next part of the sequence always feels agonizingly long to me, even though it took place in seconds. Re:R. Andrew Kiel-you are " Spot On ". Find History on Facebook (Opens in a new window), Find History on Twitter (Opens in a new window), Find History on YouTube (Opens in a new window), Find History on Instagram (Opens in a new window), Find History on TikTok (Opens in a new window), Time Life Pictures/National Archives/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images, https://www.history.com/news/jfk-assassination-grassy-knoll-theory-debunked, What Physics Reveals About the JFK Assassination. I believe this is so you would not recognize anything in another film that would match the Zapruder Film or come even close to matching the Zapruder Film. Have you ever wondered why no one on Houston Street or on Elm Street, except Abe Zapruder, filmed the p. limo from the passenger side? Here, his granddaughter details exactly what happened on . [40], Some critics have stated that the violence and shock of this home movie led to a new way of representing violence in 1970s American cinema, both in mainstream films, and particularly in indie and underground horror movies.[41][42]. This lab was so secret that even its code name (Hawkeye Works) was at the time highly classified. I'm thinking an independent team of nominal Secret Service agents (actually CIA?) How did they know that the first shot was fired at Frame 210 when frame 210 isn't in the film ?If the Zapruder film was altered, why for example, does it still show a headshot throwing JFK to the left and backward, indicating the shot came from the right front ? An example of this type of forgery would be to remove any frames depicting the limousine making the sharp turn from Houston Street to Elm Street. You will be able to leave a comment after signing in, 20th Century American History, JFK assassination. Updated: March 18, 2019 | Original: April 26, 2018. Neither ever brought it up. When the president was shot, he says, Kennedys head exploded, as the film so graphically shows. This would contradict the Commissions central finding that JFK was killed by a single shooter. Get a copy of the film, use good software, and look at each frame of the film. Besides it shows Houston Street and everybody, I mean everybody, knows the assassination happened on Elm Street down in front of the Grassy Knoll. Simply the scene content of the inside of the p. limo. [34] Brugioni recalled seeing a "white cloud" of brain matter, three or four feet (91 or 122cm) above Kennedy's head, and said that this "spray" lasted for more than one frame of the film. So, that's quite a conundrum. However, if the driver were under the impression that the shots were from the front, one could understand his hesitation in not wanting to drive closer to the sniper or snipers.Mark LaneThe Zapruder Film Kennedys limousine was surrounded by nine motorcycle policemen: five in front, and four more close behind two on each side putt-putting away. doubts surrounding the assassination of President John F. Kennedy remain unanswered. The Truth Behind JFK's Assassination - Newsweek He also met with a representative from Life Magazine and agreed to sell all rights to the footage for the sum of $150,000. I can find no cache of individual frames from the Nix film, but here are two copies of the film that offer different advantages: A good steady copy that stops on each frame: We dont really know what any of it means. Additionally, Brugioni was certain that the set of briefing boards available to the public in the National Archives is not the set that he and his team produced on November 2324, 1963. Why Elsie Dorman? Another thing you should know: Promoters of the lone assassin theory often stress the fact that one shot can sound like two. The Other Shooter: The Saddest and Most Expensive 26 Seconds of - Vice [24], In April 1975, in settlement of a royalties suit between Time Inc. and Zapruder's heirs that arose from the ABC showing, Time Inc. sold the film's initial rendition and its copyright back to the Zapruder family for the token sum of $1. This is crudely done since I am not a film editor. It just couldn't be done. His silent color 8 mm film of JFK being shot to death in broad daylight while riding in an open limousine is the most historically momentous home movie in history., Until a few years ago, the authenticity and reliability of the extant Zapruder film was accepted by almost all JFK assassination researchers, even the severest critics of the Warren Report, myself included. Here are a few examples: Emmett Hudson, Dealey Plaza groundskeeper: He associates the second shot he heard with the head wound. We KNOW the Muchmore film has an anomaly at Z312-313. NARA may make a single fair-use copy of the film and sell it to any researcher. But the Z-film record still stands. Dino indicated in the interview that he was positive that they had the original film, and that when they projected it for the two members of the Secret Service, it was the first time they had viewed the film. Why would you alter the Zapruder film, but not the other films ? He rushed over to Dealey Plaza, where he spotted Abe holding his camera and immediately approached him to find out if he had caught the shooting on film. Zapruder stated that his film was processed at Kodak in Dallas (and there seems to be no reason, other than the above mentioned correspondence, to doubt this). Member of Amnesty International. William Newman and his family were the closest to Kennedy when he was shot. Following its publishing in 1967, Thompson's book featured some very detailed charcoal drawings of important individual frames, plus photo reproductions of the four missing ones. Plagued by nightmares of the films gruesome content, Zapruder only allowed the magazine to publish photos of the assassination footage on the condition that it remove frame 313the moment in which Kennedy is shot in the head. Volume 18 of the commission's hearings reproduced 158 frames from the Zapruder film in black and white. [23], On March 6, 1975, on the ABC late-night television show Good Night America (hosted by Geraldo Rivera), assassination researchers Robert Groden and Dick Gregory presented the first-ever US network television showing of the Zapruder film. Twice during that interview,he said that the car stopped. Zapruder film - Wikipedia The last shot seemed to hit his head and cause a noise at the point of impact which made him fall forward and to his left again. Despite the film's pro-Stones bias, Selvin notes that the . Hugh Betzner was taking pictures on Houston St. near Elm and tried to run after the limo to get more pictures as it proceeded down Elm. I recorded my index finger ( simulating the movement of the limousine ) from left to right. A U.S. District Court ruled in 1968 that the Time Inc. copyright of the Zapruder film was not violated by invoking the doctrine of fair use. The following excerpt from .css-gegin5{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#9a0500;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-gegin5:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Twenty-Six Seconds by Zapruder's granddaughter Alexandra details how he captured history, and what happened next. I couldnt reconcile those differences. For more on this, go here.). I believe most folks would agree with that. This movement of the limousine is verified by witness Roy Truly, who testified that,"I saw the President's car swerve to the left and stop." There is no question that the Zapruder film. Frequently Asked Questions | National Archives Thats the only smoking gun in the film.. But I think the top 3 prime suspects involved in JFK's death being set up were Jack Ruby and his organized crime, The Zapruder Film Mystery, the CIA, and the United States Government. Why not ?The Limousine Stop JFK Zapruder Film: All Frames & High Quality - YouTube The force of the bullet drove my body over almost double and when I looked, immediately I could see I was just drenched with blood. He says, 'I've got it all on there.'" Garrison allowed copies of the film to be made and these low quality copies began circulating among assassination researchers and were known to many journalists as well. article by attorney and JFK researcher Carol Hewett that is just stunning, rich in insight and very hard-to-get information. (Unless Mr. Palamara knows different.). The car dips into the lower part of the camera frame, and as the president's body sinks down in the car toward his wife, the fatal shot strikes him. The Zapruder film was automatically designated an "assassination record" and therefore became the official property of the United States government. Twyman continues: "I called Mr. Coburn and he told me that his optical printers in those days could certainly capture all of the information on 8mm film, between the sprocket holes and even beyond the edges of the film if one wanted. Public Viewing of the Zapruder Film - On March 6, 1975, the Zapruder film was shown for the first time to the American people by Geraldo Rivera on ABC's Good Night America. The underlined statements may be true. It just couldn't be done. Updated: August 23, 2018 | Original: November 19, 2013. It was given to director Howie Samuelsohn by Penn Jones and later aired in syndication to Philadelphia, Detroit, Kansas City, and St. Maybe someone blocked out the rear of JFK's head with black on some frames. The Altgens photo shows that Clint Hill still has not jumped off the running board. On Nov. 22, 1963, Zapruder, the co-owner of a women's clothing company, created one of history's most famous, and expensive, pieces of film, and forever linked his name with a great national . (Go here for individual still frames from the entire extant film. The Zapruder film shows President Kennedy being shot from behind and not from the infamous grassy knoll, in corroboration of the official autopsy findings, says Nalli in a release. ( pg. It looks like the limo slows, then accelerates. Excepta large percentage of those suspecting a conspiracy were swayed to do so after viewing the film, and the public viewing of the film led the public to call for a second investigation, which led to the HSCA. Knowing his footage might prove valuable in a government investigation, Zapruder developed the 486-frame film and screened it for the Secret Service the following day. All the banks had been closed because of the president's visit, so she gave up and walked back to the plaza, where she encountered Abe taking some test shots of his payroll clerk Beatrice Hester and her husband, Charles, sitting on the pergola at the back of the plaza. Abraham Zapruder - Wikipedia What really happened - Moto-Related - Motocross Forums / Message Boards Camera in hand, my grandfather Abe Zapruder went down to Dealey Plaza to scout out a location. Books. The infamous frame would remain excised from all public versions of the film until 1975, when it was shown for the first time on reporter Geraldo Riveras television show Good Night America.. 1960's. [35] Brugioni then stated the Zapruder film in the National Archives today, and available to the public, specifically frame 313, is an altered version of the film he saw and worked with on November 2324, the earlier of the two versions handled by the NPIC. The objects' positions are updated during visibility in the Zapruder frames, and they stay motionless once each object moves out of those frames. [21], On October 26, 1992, then-U.S. President George H. W. Bush signed into law the President John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Collection Act (the "JFK Act"), which sought to preserve for historical and governmental purposes all records related to President Kennedy's assassination. I just laid down over on the ground [urged by another witness to get down] and when that third shot rung out and when I was close to the ground you could tell the shot was coming from above and kind of behind. 7 ) The original film was retained by Zapruder, in addition to one of the copies. John Costella said the film was technically perfect except for small, technical changes in the film. Hill said he saw JFKs head come apart after he reached the car. Nallis not the first person to use physics to model the bullets trajectorythe head wound and ballistics are covered in-depth in theWarren Report. A lone nut! But we know from all the films that JFK was shot in the head almost immediately after Hill got off the running board of the follow-up car. Time Inc. filed a lawsuit against Thompson and his publishing company for copyright infringement. I immediately looked to my right, and, in so doing, my eyes had to cross the Presidential limousine and I saw President Kennedy grab at himself and lurch forward and to the left. However, the copyright for the film is owned by the Sixth Floor Museum in Dallas Texas. It is a difficult film to look at and doesnt really show that much. [1], On the morning of November 23, CBS lost the bidding for the footage to Life magazine's $150,000 offer ($1,330,000 in 2023). "Well, I was in a state of shock when I got back," he said, "and I was kicking and banging the desk. What needs to be changed to tell a different story? I didn't realize what had happened," Abe remembered. I believe that this experiment proves that the stop could have been edited out and the resulting film would show that the vehicle had only slowed down when it completely stopped.More evidence of editing: missing frames It shows one that had already started. So if the blurred frames were caused by Zapruder moving the camera in order to keep up with the movement of the limo,by his own admission the "clear" frame ( 312 ) must have been caused by the camera taking a "still".